Keywords
Meningitis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Niger
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction :
In Niger, bacterial meningitis occurs in an endemo-epidemic mode. The objective of this study was to analyze the surveillance system for bacterial meningitis in children under 5 years old at the Niamey National Hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2022.
Materials and methods :
This was a cross-sectional study covering a period of 13 years. All children under 5 years old admitted to the Niamey National Hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2022 for suspected meningitis were included. The proportions were compared using the Pearson Chi-square statistical test at the 5% significance level. The risk was assessed by estimating the Odds Ratio (OR).
Results :
In total, 2476 suspected cases of meningitis were identified during the study period. Children under 12 months were the most represented with 39.49%. The average age was 13.52 months ±3.17. A male predominance was observed with a sex ratio of 1.4. Fever and convulsions were the clinical signs frequently observed on admission with 28.50% and 22.78% respectively. CSF culture carried out in 2318 patients isolated the following germs: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis with 41.33% each and Haemophilus influenzae b with 7.14%. The CSF culture result was significantly associated with the child's vaccination status (OR=4,70 [1,28-17,15]; p=0,01). The evolution was marked by a cure in 40.98% of cases and a mortality rate of 17.82%.
Conclusion :
Bacterial meningitis constitutes a real health problem in Niger, hence the need for a rigorous epidemiological surveillance system. There is also a need for an effective communication system for better public compliance with vaccination.
References
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Copyright (c) 2026 Z Abdoulaye, I Alkassoum, A Samaila, M Goni Alassan, E Ahoussou, M Garba, H Hama, I Zaharatou, A Irène, M Kamaye, S Alido, S Brah, M Daou