Keywords
immunodepression
HIV
Zinder
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction :
Herpes zoster is a viral dermatosis, characterized by a unilateral vesicular eruption in a band along a metamer due to reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of herpes zoster in the dermatology-venereology department of Zinder National Hospital de Zinder.
Methodology :
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including patients with unilateral vesicular unilateral banded vesicular eruptions seen in consultation from 1st February 2023 to 31 July 2024 in the Dermatology-Venerology Department of the HNZ with a clinical and paraclinical diagnosis of herpes zoster.
Results :
Out of a total of 2234 patients, 32 had herpes zoster, a frequency of 1.42%. Men accounted for 56%, The mean age was 52.31 years, with extremes of 1 and 79 years. The sex ratio M/F=1.26. The 61-70 age group accounted for 31.35%. The onset of herpes zoster was spontaneous in 62.5% of cases. Immunosuppression due to immunosuppressive treatment (6%), HIV infection (19%) and diabetes mellitus (12.5%) were identified as contributing factors. The most frequent symptoms were pain (56.25%), headache (15.63%) and itching (9.38%). The most frequently seats affected were the thorax (25%), scalp (18.75%) and neck (12.50%). PCR was positive for all samples analysed (100%). The complications were bacterial superinfection (46.15%), postherpetic neuralgia (38.65%), blepharitis (7.69%) and Ramsay Hunt syndrome (7,69%). The association with HIV infection was found in six patients i.e. 19%.
Conclusion :
Our study shows a low frequency of herpes zoster hospitalization of herpes zoster, a predominance of elderly patients with postherpetic complications are post herpetic neuralgia, and the association of herpes zoster with HIV is not negligible.
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