Keywords
congenital malformations
Zinder National Hospital
Niger
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction :
Congenital malformations are polymorphous pathologies frequently encountered in paediatric medical and surgical practice. The aim of this study was to determine the main factors associated with the occurrence of congenital malformations at Zinder National Hospital.
Patients and methods :
This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted at Hôpital National de Zinder and collected over a period of 8 months, from 1st March 2023 to 30 October 2023. Children aged 0 to 15 years with one or more congenital malformations, whether operated or not, seen in consultation or admitted to hospital in one of the departments in our study, were included in the study. A data collection form was filled in for each child, including sociodemographic, obstetric and maternal data, follow-up and monitoring of pregnancy and delivery, as well as consultation and hospitalization data.
Results :
The incidence of CD was 5.44% in this study. The mean age of the children was 15.40 months, and digestive malformations were the most frequent at 41.32% (n=131). The mean age of the mothers was 26.64±6.87 years, of whom 51.74% (n=134) were aged between 20 and 30 years. Multiparous women were found in 46.71% (n=121) and 22.01% (n=57) of the mothers had at least one previous abortion. Consanguinity was noted in 55.98% (n=145) of the couples. Fever during pregnancy was found in 37.84% of the mothers, and just 15.83% had benefited from folic acid supplementation. Maternal age < 25 years, multiparity and number of PNC < 3 were the factors significantly associated with the occurrence of polymalformation (p<0.05).
Conclusion :
Consanguinity, advanced maternal age (> 25 years), multiparity, fever during pregnancy and poor-quality prenatal consultation are the factors most incriminated, and their association significantly increases the risk not only of CD but also of polymalformations.
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Copyright (c) 2026 B Issa Oumarou, O Habou, I Georges Thomas, M Inoussa Abdourahamane, H Laouali Saadou, Z Lankoande Salifou, N Hama Aghali, H Adamou