Keywords
histological type
prognosis
Niamey
Hospital
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction :
Uterine cancers are a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors located in the cervix and/or the body of the uterus. Histologically, they include epithelial tumors, mesenchymal tumors, and mixed tumors. The aim of this study was to describe the histological profile of uterine cancers diagnosed at the Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology of the National Hospital of Niamey.
Methodology :
This is a three-year cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection that included all histologically diagnosed uterine cancers. The variables studied included patient age and sex, lesion location, histological type, tumor stage, and patient outcome. Pearson's Chi-square test and Student-Fisher test were used to investigate relationships between variables, with a significance threshold set at P < 0.05.
Results :
During the study period, 42 cases of uterine cancer were collected out of a total of 89 gynecological cancers, representing an overall frequency of 47.20%. In 61.90% of cases (N=26), the cancer was located in the cervix. The average age was 55.19 years (range : 32–81 years), varying from 53.32 years for cervical cancer to 58.12 years for uterine body cancer. The most common histological group was carcinoma, accounting for 75.53% of cervical cases and 26.47% of body cases. Furthermore, out of 8 sarcoma cases, 7 (87.50%) were found in the uterine body. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type in the cervix (76.92%), while carcinosarcoma was the most prevalent in the body (25%). Tumors classified as pT1 were the most frequent in both the cervix (69.24%) and the body (62.5%). The mortality rates for cervical and uterine body cancers were 34.62% and 37.50%, respectively.
Conclusion :
Uterine cancer predominantly affects postmenopausal women and is mainly located in the cervix, with carcinoma being the dominant histological group. The mortality rate is similar for both cervical and uterine body cancers, affecting more than a quarter of the patients.
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Copyright (c) 2025 I Boubacar, B Efared, I Seriba Coulibaly, A Koussou Moussa, H Salifou Boureima, A Balaraba Abani, G Mahamadou, M Nayama, H Nouhou