Keywords
neonatology
epidemiology
associated factors
Niger
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction :
Congenital malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns. The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and associated factors at the Issaka Gazoby Maternity Hospital of Niamey.
Materials and methods :
This was a case-control study conducted at the Issaka Gazoby Maternity Hospital of Niamey from April to September 2023. The “cases” were represented by newborns suffering from congenital malaria, and the “controls” were chosen from among newborns admitted for other reasons. The odds ratio (OR) and its confidence interval (CI) were calculated.
Results :
The frequency of congenital malaria was 15%. The average age of the mothers of newborns was 25 years [15-43 years]. Nearly half of the newborns were born at term (48.8%). Females were more represented among newborns (50.4%). Respiratory distress was the main clinical sign on admission, affecting 27.6%. Fourteen (14) newborns, or 11.2%, died. Among perinatal factors, having more than four (4) antenatal care visits was found to be a protective factor against the occurrence of congenital malaria (OR= 0.57; CI [0.36-0.87]; p = 0.005). The neonatal characteristics associated with congenital malaria were hypotonia (OR=10.31; CI [1.40-247.73]; p = 0.009). A risk of death (OR = 4.37; CI [1.71-11.14]; 0.001) was found in cases of congenital malaria. In the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with congenital malaria were having more than four (4) antenatal care visits (OR = 0.56 [0.36-0.89]; p = 0.01]) and neonatal death (OR = 2.64; CI [1.42-4.88]; 0.001).
Conclusion :
The factors associated with congenital malaria were related to perinatal characteristics (pregnancy monitoring) and neonatal characteristics (hypotonia). Congenital malaria was also associated with deaths, highlighting the importance of strengthening efforts to combat this scourge.
References
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Copyright (c) 2025 A Samaila, M Kamaye, M Garba, H Boukari Gana, A Ali Hamani, H Yahaya, Z Abdoulaye, N Moussa Nanaito, I Georges Thomas, A Mamoudou, M Lamine Mahaman, M Ibrahim, I Alkassoum Salifou