Keywords
hypertensive retinopathy
diabetic retinopathy
sickle cell retinopathy
Zinder
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction :
The examination of the fundus is an important examination for the diagnosis and monitoring of general or ocular pathologies. The objective of our study was to analyze the indications and the results of the fundus examination performed in the ophthalmology department of the National Hospital of Zinder.
Patients and Method :
This was a retrospective and prospective collection over a period from January to December 2020 on the results of fundus examinations (FO) at the ophthalmology department of the National Hospital of Zinder. The socio-demographic variables, the main fundus indications and their r
Results :
A total of 526 fundus examinations were performed during the study period, of which 47.53% (n=250) were male and 52.47% (n=276) were female, sex ratio of 0.90. The median age of the patients was 47 years old. The FO was visible in 97.53% (n=513) and inaccessible in 2.47% (n=13). The main indications were, in descending order, arterial hypertension (HTA) in 44.86% of cases (n=236), diabetes in 14.25% (n=75), the association of diabetes and hypertension in 4.25 % (n=25) of cases. Among the 75 diabetic patients, diabetic retinopathy was found in 21 patients (28%). In hypertensive patients, the OF was inaccessible in 2.54% (n=6) and accessible in 97.46% (n=230). Hypertensive retinopathy was noted in 46.66% (n=110) of cases, represented by stage 1 in 20.90% (n=48) of cases, stage 2 in 12.61% (n=29) and stages 3 and 4 in 14.37% (n=33) of patients. The FO was without signs of hypertensive retinopathy in 35% (n=82) of cases. In sickle cell patients (n=6), sickle cell retinopathy at stage 2 in 2 cases.
Conclusion :
In our context, the main indications for OF were arterial hypertension and diabetes. The FO also contributes to the monitoring of other conditions such as sickle cell disease.
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