Keywords
CNLT/MR
Niger
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction :
Osteoarticular tuberculosis (OAT) accounts for 2 to 5% of tuberculosis cases and 11 to 15% of extrapulmonary forms, with a predominance of spinal involvement (50% of cases). The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of OAT. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective descriptive study conducted from January 1 to August 31, 2024. It involves patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis diagnosed and followed in the rheumatology departments of HNN and CNLT/MR.
Results :
The study included 31 men (51.7%) and 29 women (48.3%) with a mean age of 42.78± years. Fifty-five percent of the patients had a medium socio-economic level, and 58.3% were of urban origin, with 48.33% being unemployed. Sixty percent of the patients were vaccinated with tuberculosis, CNLT/MR, Niger. BCG, 30% had been in contact with tuberculosis, and 6.66% had antecedents and 6.66% had a history of tuberculosis. Signs of tuberculosis involvement were present in 84% of cases. The duration of symptom progression was chronic in 83.3% of cases, with pain being the main reason for consultation (95%). Spinal involvement was the most frequent (88.3%), mainly dorsal (35%) and lumbar (31.66%). Physical examination revealed stiffness (28.33%), a hunchback (33.33%), and neurological deficits (59.99%). The tuberculin skin test was positive in 82.45% of tested patients. ESR and CRP were elevated in the majority of cases. All patients received antituberculosis treatment for 12 months, and 20% of patients underwent immobilization with a brace. Surgery was performed on 10 patients.
Conclusion :
This study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate management to prevent serious complications of spinal tuberculosis. It also emphasizes the need to strengthen health infrastructure and awareness campaigns to effectively combat this disease in Niger.
References
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